Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Activity of Hydroethanolic Extract and its Fractions of Acorus calamus linn Srividya AR*, Aishwaria SN, Vishnuvarthan VJ

Author(s)

Srividya, A. R., Aishwaria, S. N., Vishnuvarthan, V. J.

Author's Affiliation

Abstract

Acorus calamus Linn which belongs to the family Araceae.  Fractionation of hydro ethanolic extract was carried out by using solvent- solvent extraction.  In the phytoconstituents analysis the  petroleum ether fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, saponins, triterpinoids, phenolic, protein and carbohydrates, chloroform fraction showed the presence of flavanoids, saponins, triterpinoids, phenolics,  carbohydrates, the ethyl acetate fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, triterpinoids, glycosides, the acetone fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, triterpinoids and glycosides,  the aqueous fraction showed the presence of alkaloids, flavanoids, triterpenoids, glycosides, phenolics and carbohydrate.  The ethyl acetate fraction showed a considerable increase in the total phenolic content than those of the crude extract. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions have shown relatively good antioxidant potential in DPPH, ethyl acetate fraction showed good antioxidant property in ABTS method, alkaline DMSO Method, Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity, and total antioxidant capacity. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed relatively good antibacterial potential at a concentration below 500 µg/ml against both gram positive and gram negative microorganisms, by cup plate method, the zone of inhibition ranging from 13 to 25mm diameter. The chloroform fraction showed a moderate antifungal activity at a concentration of 500 µg/ml, by cup plate method, the zone of inhibition was found to be 12 to 19 mm diameter.  MIC for ethyl acetate and acetone fractions was found to be less than 500 µg/ml when compared to the crude extract and the other fractions.  In cytotoxicity studies, chloroform fraction showed cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cells with CTC₅₀ value of 110 µg/ml, whereas the rest of the fractions were moderately cytotoxic to the MCF-7 cell line with CTC₅₀ values ranging from 170- 360 µg/ml.

Keywords

Acorus Calamus, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Cytotoxicity

Cite This Article

Srividya, A. R., Aishwaria, S. N., & Vishnuvarthan, V. J. (2014). Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Activity of Hydroethanolic Extract and its Fractions of Acorus calamus linn. International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars, 3(1), 114-125.