Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Controlled Release

Author(s)

Tripathi, R., Verma, S., Easwari, T. S., Shukla, V. K.

Author's Affiliation

Abstract

Drug molecules with lack of specificity and solubility lead patients to take high doses of the drug to achieve sufficient therapeutic effects. This is a leading cause of adverse drug reactions, particularly for drugs with narrow therapeutic window or cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. To address these problems, there are various functional biocompatible drug carriers available in the market, which can deliver therapeutic agents to the target site in a controlled manner. Among the carriers developed thus far, mesoporous materials emerged as a promising candidate that can deliver a variety of drug molecules in a controllable and sustainable manner. In particular, mesoporous silica nanoparticles are widely used as a delivery reagent because silica possesses favorable chemical properties, thermal stability and biocompatibility. Currently, sol-gel-derived mesoporous silica nanoparticles in soft conditions are of main interest due to simplicity in production and modification and the capacity to maintain function of bioactive agents. The unique mesoporous structure of silica facilitates effective loading of drugs and their subsequent controlled release. The properties of mesopores, including pore size and porosity as well as the surface properties, can be altered depending on additives used to fabricate mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Active surface enables functionalization to modify surface properties and link therapeutic molecules. The tunable mesopore structure and modifiable surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticle allow incorporation of various classes of drug molecules and controlled delivery to the target sites. This review aims to present the state of knowledge of currently available drug delivery system and identify properties of an ideal drug carrier for specific application, focusing on mesoporous silica nanoparticles for control drug release and surface functionalization.

Keywords

Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle, Targeted Drug Delivery, Controlled Release, Sol-Gel Process, Chemotherapy and Surface Functionalization

Cite This Article

Tripathi, R., Verma, S., Easwari, T. S., & Shukla, V. K. (2014). Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Controlled Release. International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS), 3(2), 214-234.