Obesity and Chronic Stress Modulate Adenine Nucleotide Hydrolysis in Rat Blood Serum

Author(s)

Macedo, I. C., Rozisky, J. R., Battastini, A. M. O., Ribeiro, M. F. M., Torres, I. L. S.

Author's Affiliation

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic disease which has become one of the most prominent public health concerns in the contemporary world. Obesity is associated with chronic stress, and both conditions have been related to other health complications, such as cardiovascular disease. NTPDases and alkaline phosphatases, among other enzymes, are known to hydrolyze adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) to AMP, while 5'-nucleotidase hydrolyzes adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine. In a previous study, we found that, after exposure to a hypercaloric diet combined with chronic stress for 6 weeks, rats exhibited several obesity-related, endocrine markers (hyperleptinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia). Therefore, given that a short period of exposure to a hypercaloric diet and chronic stress was already known to induce a model of obesity in rats, to in the present study, we evaluated adenine nucleotide hydrolysis, alkaline phosphatase levels, TNF-α serum levels, total serum proteins and obesity parameters in rats submitted to a model of obesity associated or not to restraint chronic stress for a period of 12 weeks. Obesity was assessed by weekly weight measurements, relative adipose tissue weight (mesenteric adipose tissue-MAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue-SAT and visceral adipose tissue-VAT) and lipid profiles. Obesity was associated with increased adipose tissue depots, dyslipidemia, but not showed effect on alkaline phosphatase, protein levels and TNF-α levels. Obesity and chronic stress led to decreased ADP and AMP hydrolysis, while only obesity was associated with decreased ATP hydrolysis. These effects were not observed in any of the other parameters evaluated. The effect of impaired homeostasis on nucleotide hydrolysis may consist of an adaptation to obesity and/or chronic stress which is likely to be caused by ectonucleotidases, since both alkaline phosphatase and total protein levels were normal in the animals studied. In conclusion, since adenine nucleotides promote a range of deleterious effects on platelets, endothelial tissue, and vascular smooth muscle (ATP and ADP), while adenosine has cardioprotective effect, we believe that altered nucleotides hydrolysis in the serum may be used as a biochemical marker for the cardiovascular risk induced by obesity and/or chronic stress.

Keywords

Cardiovascular Disease, Cafeteria Diet, Chronic Stress, Nucleotides, NTPDases, Obesity

Cite This Article

Macedo, I. C., Rozisky, J. R., Battastini, A. M. O., Ribeiro, M. F. M., & Torres, I. L. S. (2014). Obesity and Chronic Stress Modulate Adenine Nucleotide Hydrolysis in Rat Blood Serum. International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS), 3(4), 28-40.