Phytochemical Screening and Effect of Phyllanthus amarus Roots on Sodium Arsenate Induced Hepatic Cell Damage

Author(s)

Ujah, O.F., Ipav, S.S., Idoko, B.A., Ujah, I.R.

Author's Affiliation

Abstract

LD₅₀ and effect of ethyl acetate root extract of phyllanthus amarus on arsenate induced hepatic cell damage in wistar rats was assessed. Arsenate (10mg/kg body weight) was used to induce hepatic cell damage, whereas LD₅₀ was determined using standard methods. Results of phytochemical screening identified presence of glycosides, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids but not flavonoids and phlobatanins. The study revealed that Phyllanthus amarus root extract at high dose of 700mg/kg extract is physiologically safe. The 30-albino rat of wistar strain (180-200g) was used for the studies and was divided into six groups of five rats per each. Group A serves as Positive control and was treated with distilled water of treatment equivalence, Group B serves as Arsenate induction only, Group C serves as pre-treatment group and was treated with phyllanthus amarus root extract at the dose of 500mg/kg body weight for 4 days before arsenate induction, while Group D serve as post-treatment group which involves Arsenate induction at 10mg/kg body weight for 4 days before extract administration, Group E serve as immediate group which involves Arsenate induction followed by extract administration for 4 days and Group F serves as extract administration (500mg/kg) only for four days. The administration lasted for 8 days period after which the animals were sacrificed and blood serum was obtained for biochemical, Hematological and enzyme assay. ALT, AST and ALP each were significantly (p<0.05) increased in the arsenate induced group compared with normal control. There were significantly decrease in pretreatment, post treatment and immediate treatment groups compared with arsenate-induced group. Hematological and Biochemical parameters follow the same trend. The result obtained revealed that ethyl acetate crude extract of phyllanthus amarus roots could have ameliorative property on hepatic cells.

Keywords

Phyllanthus Amarus, Lethal Dose, Arsenate Induction, Hepatic Cells, Ameliorative Property

Cite This Article

Ujah, O.F., Ipav, S.S., Idoko, B.A., & Ujah, I.R. (2015). Phytochemical Screening and Effect of Phyllanthus amarus Roots on Sodium Arsenate Induced Hepatic Cell Damage, International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS), 4(1), 328-338.