Understanding of Probiotics: A Review

Author(s)

Manoj, K., Gitika

Author's Affiliation

Abstract

There is an increasing scientific and commercial interest in the use of beneficial microorganisms, or “probiotics,” A probiotic is viable microbial dietary supplements that have been used for centuries because they beneficially affect the host through its effects in the intestinal tract. Similarly, prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that benefit the host by selectively stimulating the growth or activity of beneficial microorganisms that comprise part of the resident microbiota. Both probiotics and prebiotics are together called as synbiotics. Various bacterial genera most commonly used in probiotic preparations are Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Escherichia, Enterococcus, Bacillus and Streptococcus. Some fungal strains belonging to Saccharomyces have also been used. This review focuses on the history, characteristics, mechanism of action, safety of probiotics and prebiotics. It subsequently describes the several beneficial properties of probiotic bacteria including prevention of intestinal infections, nutritional benefits, immunological effects, antibiotic associated diarrhea, prevention of hypercholesterolaemia, promote to digestion, active against pathogens, prevention of cancer, constipation, pancreatitis, allergies, pregnancy, urogenital infections and HIV, lactose intolerance, antioxidant effects, enhancement of mineral bioavailability, oral health and dental caries, halitosis, oral cavity, and other possible benefits.

Keywords

Probiotics, Prebiotics, Beneficial properties, Antibiotic associated diarrhea, Immunological effects

Cite This Article

Manoj, K., & Gitika. Understanding of Probiotics: A Review. International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS), 2(4), 143-159.